Abstract
City dashboards are increasingly becoming a tool of urban management and governance, used by administrations to monitor key urban metrics and the performance of services and policy. To date, however, there has been little research done from a users perspective of what constitutes a good or bad city dashboard and to establish essential user-centered design principles. In this foundational study, we examine four city dashboards with respect to their design, content, usability, and utility as experienced by existing dashboard users. The study presented was undertaken using a protocol analysis that elicited verbal reports through concurrent think-aloud sessions. In addition, critical incident technique procedures were followed to collect interaction data of critical significance to the users. A content analysis was then conducted on transcripts from these sessions. The research identified specific areas of concern to current dashboard users and led to the creation of new and informed guidelines for producing a dashboard system for Dublin, Ireland.
Highlights
City administrations have long generated and analyzed a plethora of data about their jurisdictions to understand patterns and trends and to plan
While human-computer interaction (HCI) evaluation focusses on the design of information communication tech nology (ICT)-based pro ducts and services, we further suggest that urban informatics en riches our research with examples of other types of human-computer interface artifacts that can be used within smart cities
The purpose of this study was to create specific user requirements and design guidelines for new city dashboards based on user experiences in a community informatics context
Summary
City administrations have long generated and analyzed a plethora of data about their jurisdictions to understand patterns and trends and to plan . Much of these data have, been relatively dispersed and closed in nature, held within the organization that generated them. While urban data are increasingly available, the skills and literacy to handle, process, analyze and visualize such data are lacking. One solution to these issues has been to create city dashboards that translate these data into visualizations to aid under standing. City dashboards have become a popular means for organizing and visualizing urban data for a broad con stituency of users; analysts, policymakers, politicians, and the public alike
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