Abstract
The corona viruses are members of a family of enveloped viruses that replicate in the cytoplasm of animal host cells. They are distinguished by the presence of a single-stranded plus-sense RNA genome about 30 kb in length that has a 5′ cap structure and 3′ polyadenylation tract. Upon infection of an appropriate host cell, the 5′-most open reading frame (ORF) of the viral genome is translated into a large polyprotein that is cleaved by viralencoded proteases to release several nonstructural proteins, including an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (Rep) and an adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) helicase (Hel). These proteins, in turn, are responsible for replicating the viral genome as well as generating nested transcripts that are used in the synthesis of the viral proteins. The mechanism by which these subgenomic mRNAs are made is not fully understood. The SARS-CoV genomes are about 30 kb in length. Its large RNA genome encodes four structural proteins, sixteen non-structural proteins and eight accessory proteins. SARS-CoV is a plus-strand RNA virus featuring a large single-stranded RNA genome of approximately 29 700 nucleotides. The genome is predicted to consist of atleast fourteen functional ORFs that encode three classes of proteins: two large polyproteins, pp1a and pp1ab, which are cleaved into sixteen non-structural proteins (nsps) required for viral RNA synthesis (and probablyother functions); four structural proteins (the S, E, M and N proteins), essential for viral assembly; and eight accessory proteins, which are thought unimportant in tissue culture but may provide a selective advantage in the infected host.
Highlights
In late 2019, several patients with severe pneumonia were brought into hospitals across the City of Wuhan
In addition to empirically showing the comparability to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), the present study has shown that the 95th percentile of the incubation period is around 7–8 days, indicating that a nineday quarantine period could mostly ensure the absence of disease among exposed healthy individuals
SARS-CoV is a plus-strand RNA virus featuring a large single-stranded RNA genome of approximately 29, 700 nucleotides [38,39] The genome is predicted to consist of atleast fourteen functional open reading frame (ORF) that encode three classes of proteins: two large poly-proteins, pp1a and pp1ab, which are cleaved into sixteen non-structural proteins(nsps) required for viral RNA synthesis; four structural proteins, essential for viral assembly; and eight accessory proteins, which are thought unimportant in tissue culture but may provide a selective advantage in theinfected host [40]
Summary
In late 2019, several patients with severe pneumonia were brought into hospitals across the City of Wuhan. The virus causing the pneumonia was sequenced and it was found out that it is a strain of beta-coronavirus and most related to SARS-like BAT coronaviruses bat-SL-CoVZC45 and bat-SL-CoVZXC21 with 88% similarity, 79.5% homology with SARS, and 50% with MERS [1,2]. The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a novel infectious disease that first occurred in November 2002 in China. SARS is caused by a newly emerged virus belonging to the coronaviridae family, provisionally termed SARS-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) [4]. Most cases were the result of direct transmission via respiratory droplets during close personal contact, and adequate respiratory protective measures were shown to be effective [6]. 50% of probable SARS patients did not have an apparent history of close personal contact with another case [7]. At least a proportion of these cases might have arisen from modes of transmission other than droplets
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary 
Published Version (
Free)
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call