Abstract
Background: This study aimed to investigate the demographic factors, comorbidities, and laboratory results of diabetic patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 171 diabetic patients with COVID-19 admitted based on chest CT scan findings to the COVID-19 ward of Shahid Mohammadi Hospital in Hormozgan, Iran from 1 March to 1 June, 2020. Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test was performed, and the patients were divided into three groups (mild, moderate, and severe) based on the severity of disease. Then we investigated the demographic factors, comorbidities, and laboratory results of diabetic patients with severe COVID-19 severity. Results: Regarding comorbidities, there was no significant difference between the three groups. Moreover, there was a significantly lower lymphocyte count in the severe group compared to moderate and mild groups (P = 0.001). We showed the increase in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine to be significantly associated with increased disease severity (P = 0.001 and P = 0.009, respectively). We also showed a significant difference in aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels between different groups of patients (P = 0.002) with a higher level of AST in the severe group (P = 0.020). Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and troponin were also significantly associated with an increase in COVID-19 severity in patients with diabetes (P = 0.013 and P = 0.002, respectively). Conclusion: There was a significant association between disease severity and BUN, creatinine, AST, LDH, and troponin levels in diabetic patients with COVID-19. There was no significant association between different groups regarding severity of disease and comorbidities.
Highlights
Caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-COV-2), coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral disease that affects the lower respiratory tract and causes pneumonia in patients [1, 2]
Respiratory failure in respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) can be considered as one of the mechanisms of pancreatic damage in COVID-19 patients [12]. It is unclear what factors are associated with the greater severity of the disease and the critical condition of COVID-19 patients with diabetes
In terms of place of residence, 88.3%, 86.7%, and 84.1%, of patients in the mild, moderate, and severe groups were living in urban areas, respectively, which was not significantly different (P = 0.43) (Table 1)
Summary
Caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-COV-2), coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral disease that affects the lower respiratory tract and causes pneumonia in patients [1, 2]. Respiratory failure in RDS can be considered as one of the mechanisms of pancreatic damage in COVID-19 patients [12] It is unclear what factors are associated with the greater severity of the disease and the critical condition of COVID-19 patients with diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the demographic factors, comorbidities, and laboratory results of diabetic patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity. We investigated the demographic factors, comorbidities, and laboratory results of diabetic patients with severe COVID-19 severity. Conclusion: There was a significant association between disease severity and BUN, creatinine, AST, LDH, and troponin levels in diabetic patients with COVID-19. There was no significant association between different groups regarding severity of disease and comorbidities.
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