Abstract
This rapid systematic review aims to examine emerging evidence on the effects of COVID-19 on educational institutions and assess the prevalence of e-learning changes in the sector. This paper reviews literature on learning, teaching, and assessment approaches adopted since the COVID-19 outbreak, and assesses the impact on the sector, staff, and students, summarizing findings from peer-reviewed articles. It categorizes these into five key themes: (1) digital learning, (2) e-learning challenges, (3) digital transition to emergency virtual assessment (EVA), (4) psychological impact of COVID-19, and (5) creating collaborative cultures. This represents the first systematic review of COVID-19’s impact on education, clarifying current themes being investigated. The author suggests that the term ‘emergency virtual assessment’ (EVA) is now added for future research discussion. Finally, the paper identifies research gaps, including researching the impact on lesser developed countries, the psychological impact of transition, and the important role of leadership and leadership styles during the transition and handling of the pandemic.
Highlights
On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) changed the classification of the novel infection COVID-19 from an epidemic to a pandemic
This review identified 39 studies that focused on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on educational institutions
Descriptive Results This review identified 39 studies that focused on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on educational institutions
Summary
On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) changed the classification of the novel infection COVID-19 from an epidemic to a pandemic. COVID-19 is a respiratory infection that can range from mild symptoms to moderate to severe illness. COVID-19 travels by saliva particles or respiratory secretions when an infected individual coughs or sneezes [2], with current evidence indicating that the main means of spreading the infection is through small droplets which are released whilst talking [3]. Most individuals have mild to moderate symptoms and recover without medical intervention, but older individuals, and those with underlying diseases, such as diabetes and cancer, appear to be more likely to develop a severe illness [5]. In reaction to the virus’s fast spread, population quarantine has been introduced by governments across the world to assist nations in their attempts to mitigate adverse effects of COVID-19 [6]
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