COVID-19 in Brazilian cities: Impact of social determinants, coverage and quality of primary health care.

Marcello Barbosa Otoni Gonçalves Guedes,Sanderson José Costa De Assis,Johnnatas Mikael Lopes,Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli Da Costa Oliveira,Diego Neves Araujo,Geronimo José Bouzas Sanchis,Bruno Pereira Nunes

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0257347

Marcello Barbosa Otoni Gonçalves Guedes, Sanderson José Costa De Assis + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257347

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Abstract

Brazil, as many other countries, have been heavily affected by COVID-19. This study aimed to analyze the impact of Primary health care and the family health strategy (FHS) coverage, the scores of the National Program for Improving Primary Care Access and Quality (PMAQ), and socioeconomic and social indicators in the number of COVID-19 cases in Brazilian largest cities. This is an ecological study, carried out through the analysis of secondary data on the population of all Brazilian main cities, based on the analysis of a 26-week epidemiological epidemic week series by COVID-19. Statistical analysis was performed using Generalized Linear Models with an Autoregressive work correlation matrix. It was shown that greater PHC coverage and greater FHS coverage together with an above average PMAQ score are associated with slower dissemination and lower burden of COVID-19. It is evident that cities with less social inequality and restrictions of social protection combined with social development have a milder pandemic scenario. It is necessary to act quickly on these conditions for COVID-19 dissemination by timely actions with high capillarity. Expanding access to PHC and social support strategies for the vulnerable are essential.

Highlights

The world has been suffering from the persistent evolution of SARS-COV-2 contagion that leads to the manifestation of the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19), with unprecedented consequences for public health [1]
This study aimed to analyze the impact of Primary health care and the family health strategy (FHS) coverage, the scores of the National Program for Improving Primary Care Access and Quality (PMAQ), and socioeconomic and social indicators in the number of COVID-19 cases in Brazilian largest cities
It was shown that greater primary health care (PHC) coverage and greater FHS coverage together with an above average PMAQ score are associated with slower dissemination and lower burden of COVID-19

Summary

Background

As many other countries, have been heavily affected by COVID-19. This study aimed to analyze the impact of Primary health care and the family health strategy (FHS) coverage, the scores of the National Program for Improving Primary Care Access and Quality (PMAQ), and socioeconomic and social indicators in the number of COVID-19 cases in Brazilian largest cities.

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