Covariance Among Age, Spinal p38 MAP Kinase Activation and Allodynia

Abstract

This study examined effects of age (young rats, approximately 35 days, vs mature rats, approximately 75-110 days) on spinal nerve ligation (SNL)–induced tactile allodynia and phosphorylation of p38 (as measured by phospho-p38 MAP kinase [P-p38]) in dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord. Effects of SNL combined with spinal nerve transection also were assessed. Mature rats displayed milder SNL-induced allodynia than young rats. Addition of spinal nerve transection distal to the ligation in older animals resulted in an allodynia comparable to that seen in young animals. In DRG, both groups displayed early (5 h) and late (10 days) peaks in P-p38 following surgery as compared to naïve rats. Tight nerve ligation plus transection had no additional effect on P-p38 levels in DRG. In spinal cord, young rats had increased levels of P-p38 from 5 h to 3 days after SNL. Phosphorylated p38 levels then decreased, with a second peak at 10 days. In contrast, spinal cord from mature rats showed less early p38 phosphorylation, although they also displayed a late 10-day peak. Addition of a transection to the ligation produced restoration of the early peak along with intensification of allodynia. Alterations of spinal P-p38 at early time points thus seem to covary with intensity of tactile allodynia. Perspective Age and modifications to spinal nerve ligation, a common model of neuropathic pain, influence spinal p38 phosphorylation and allodynia. Early levels of spinal P-p38 seem to covary with allodynia intensity. This may mean that small variations of an injury could affect the therapeutic window of a p38 antagonist.