Abstract
Ethephon (Ethrel®) is an ethylene-based plant growth regulator that used in agriculture and it has direct and indirect effects on human health, direct effect via its inhalation during usage in agriculture and indirect effect through the diet (Fruits and vegetables) that is sprayed with it. The current study aimed to examine the possible modifying effects of costus (Saussurea lappa) root aqueous extract against Ethephon induced liver toxicity, injury, DNA fragmentation and PCNA alterations in male rats. Fifty adult male rats were divided into 5 groups (1st, control; 2nd, Costus; 3rd, Ethephon; 4th, Post treated Ethephon with costus; 5th, self-healing Ethephon). Current results revealed that; a significant increase in aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), liver injury, DNA damage and PCNA expressions in Ethephon group when compared with control group. In contrast; a significant decrease in albumin and total proteins in Ethephon group when compared with control group. Treatment of rats with costus after Ethephon improved these alterations as compared with Ethephon self-healing. So, it could be concluded that costus root extract worth to be considered as a natural substance for ameliorating the hepatic toxicity induced by plant growth regulator Ethephon.
Highlights
Plant growth regulators are organic compounds which are registered for use in agriculture, affect variant physiological processes of plants and are commonly active at very low concentrations (Wani et al, 2017; Hajam et al, 2017, 2018)
Albumin and total protein were significantly decreased in Ethephon group when compared with control and costus groups
The current work aimed to study the possible modifying effects of costus extract against liver toxicity, DNA damage and proliferating PCNA alterations induced by Ethephon in male albino rats
Summary
Plant growth regulators are organic compounds which are registered for use in agriculture, affect variant physiological processes of plants and are commonly active at very low concentrations (Wani et al, 2017; Hajam et al, 2017, 2018). Ethephon (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid; Ethrel®) is an ethylenebased plant growth regulator that used in agriculture and it has direct and indirect effects on agricultural and industrial workers, direct as through its inhalation during usage in agriculture and indirect through the diet (Fruits and vegetables) which sprayed with it (Pierik et al, 2006; Taheri et al, 2012; Moustakime et al, 2018). Costus or Saussurea Lappa is one of these herbal plants that is rich with antioxidant and widely utilized in various indigenous system of medicine all around the world for treatment variety of disorders for instance diarrhea, tenesmus, dyspepsia, vomiting, inflammation (Xiao et al, 2006; Irshad, Mahmood, Perveen, 2012).
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