Abstract
The potential of untreated Parthenium hysterophorus weed biomass was evaluated as a substrate for cellulase production. The cellulose in the biomass was used as the main source of carbon. Solid-state fermentation was carried out using Trichoderma reesei, and optimization of cultural conditions was done for maximization of cellulase production. The results revealed that highest cellulase production was achieved on the 8th day of incubation, at 30 °C, keeping solid-to-liquid ratio 1:2 when two discs of inoculum were used per gram of the substrate. The optimized inoculum age was 96 h for CMCase and 120 h for FPase. On studying the enhancing effect of different carbon and nitrogen sources, lactose and ammonium molybdate were found suitable, respectively. The optimized concentration of lactose for the highest CMCase and FPase activities was 1.5 and 1%, respectively. Ammonium molybdate was best at 1% concentration for both CMCase and FPase. Maximum CMCase and FPase activities obtained were 20.49 and 2.42 U/gds, respectively.
Highlights
Cellulose is the most abundant biopolymer on earth (Klemm et al 2005), which constitutes the primary component (35–50%) of lignocelluloses (Limayem and Ricke 2012)
Solid-state fermentation was carried out using Trichoderma reesei, and optimization of cultural conditions was done for maximization of cellulase production
The results revealed that highest cellulase production was achieved on the 8th day of incubation, at 30 °C, keeping solid-to-liquid ratio 1:2 when two discs of inoculum were used per gram of the substrate
Summary
Cellulose is the most abundant biopolymer on earth (Klemm et al 2005), which constitutes the primary component (35–50%) of lignocelluloses (Limayem and Ricke 2012) It accounts for the significantly high amount of the carbon recycled in the global carbon cycle and presents a huge sink, which reserves tons of the carbon fixed each year (Brown 1979) in both terrestrial and aquatic habitats. Cellulases have gained worldwide attention due to their applications in many industries, such as textile, pulp and paper, detergent, biofuel, biogas, animal feed, and food (Sukumaran et al 2005). Owing to such a wide array of applications, cellulases constitute the major proportion of the world’s annual demand of enzymes. They make around 20% of all enzymes produced in the world (Damaso et al 2012)
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