Corruption Counteraction Policy: Issues of Conceptual-Categorical Apparatus

Abstract

The authors examine the definitions and hierarchy of the structural elements of crime counteraction policy. They analyze the established theoretical approaches to the understanding of such categories as «criminal policy», «criminal law policy», «criminal procedure policy», «penitentiary policy», «criminological policy», «anticriminal policy», «state policy in the sphere of crime counteraction», as well as legislative trends, and come to the following conclusions. At the current stage of scientific knowledge development, the generic concept for the aggregate of measures to counteract corruption is the concept of «anticriminal policy», whose scope is close to that of the concept «policy in the sphere of crime counteraction». In its essence, criminal policy is the policy of counteracting corruption implemented by law enforcement bodies though the means of criminal law impact. In its turn, the research of the criminological policy development trends allows the authors to conclude that criminological policy corresponds to anticriminal policy in its nature and content, and is a higher category in reference to other policies of the anticriminal cycle (criminal law, criminal procedure, penitentiary, etc.). A crisis in the development of both criminal policy and criminology, observed by many Russian scholars, creates prerequisites for finding new approaches to the scientific substantiation and organization of interdisciplinary crime counteraction.