Abstract
Recent studies have indicated a great demand to optimize the biocompatibility properties of pure Zn as an implant material. For this purpose, CaZn2(PO4)2·2H2O (CaZnP) was prepared using hydrothermal treatment (HT) combined with micro-arc oxidation (MAO) on pure Zn substrate to generate biodegradable implants. The polarization test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy indicated that the MAO1−HT coating could modulate the corrosion behavior of MAO1 by filling the crevice between the coating and the substrate. Immersion test evaluation revealed that the osteogenic properties of MAO1−HT coating were better than that of pure Zn substrate, as evidenced by the molar ratio of Ca and P, which increased after soaking in simulated body fluid (SBF) for up to 10 days. In addition, L-929 cells cultured in the 100%, 50%, and 25% extracts of MAO1−HT coated samples exhibited excellent cytocompatibility. Meanwhile, cell adhesion was promoted on the surface with high roughness generated during MAO and HT processes. In summary, the calcified coatings improved biocompatibility and adjusted the degradation rates of pure Zn, broadening the application of Zn alloys.
Highlights
IntroductionBiodegradable implant materials should meet the following conditions [5,6,7,8,9,10]
The increasing demand for biodegradable implants in aseptic medical surgeries has led to the introduction of completely degradable materials to eliminate the need for the secondary surgical removal of permanent implants when they are no longer necessary [1,2,3,4].Biodegradable implant materials should meet the following conditions [5,6,7,8,9,10]
A dual-layer structure MAO1−hydrothermal treatment (HT) coating consisting of ZnO and CaZnP processed under micro-arc oxidation (MAO) and HT could be an available surface modification technique
Summary
Biodegradable implant materials should meet the following conditions [5,6,7,8,9,10] They should have good biocompatibility with human tissues, with good bioactivity during implementation and degradation processes, i.e., degradation products must not harm the human body and should not affect normal metabolic activities. In comparison with the high electronegative potential of Mg, studies showed that that of Zn (−0.76 VNHE ) does not go rapidly and creates hydrogen gas [14] This key problem might be solved by a zinc-based alloy. Zn has antimicrobial and biological properties that considerably reduce the risk of postoperative infection [11] the development of degradable Zn for internal fracture fixation, vascular stents, and other implanted medical devices has good prospect. Research on the relatively long degradation time, biocompatibility, and degradation mechanism of biodegradable Zn-based alloys is still in its infancy, and a great deal of basic research is required
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