Abstract

A re-analysis of the bird data revealed a mistake within the database query. Only bird individuals that were heard were integrated in the results leading to lower total richness and number of individuals. In total 115 species and 13,331 individuals were detected of which 41 were forest specialists (43% of all individuals), 40 forest generalists (41%) and 34 forest visitors (16%). The statistical analyses remain very similar. We recorded significant differences in mean bird species richness, number of individuals and relative species richness among the five forest types (Table 1). Multiple pairwise comparisons showed significantly higher numbers of species in natural forest, mixed indigenous and indigenous monoculture plots than in exotic monoculture (Fig. 1). This pattern was caused by significantly more forest specialist species in natural forest, mixed indigenous plots compared to plots in indigenous monoculture, exotic monocultures and secondary forest (Table 1, Fig. 1). The pattern was similar for relative species richness but less pronounced. Also, forest generalist species and individuals differed significantly among forest types (Table 1).Most species and individuals were recorded in indigenous monocultures differing significantly for species from exoticmonocultures and for individuals from all other forest types (Fig. 1). The analyses for forest visitor species and individuals also showed significant differences among forest types (Table 1). Here, the number of species and individuals was significantly lower in natural forest and mixed indigenous plots than in indigenous and exotic monocultures and secondary forest plots. Neither the covariate distance to nearest natural forest nor the covariate vegetation heterogeneity was significant in any of the analyses. Thus, both covariates were excluded from all models. The PC A now based on 83 species still clearly differentiated the composition of the bird communities among the 15 plots by forest type. The first ordination axis (explaining a variance of 36.6%) separated natural forest, mixed indigenous and indigenous

Full Text
Paper version not known

Talk to us

Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have

Schedule a call

Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.