Correlations of interleukin levels with the severity of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infection

Abstract

A new coronavirus infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus is characterized by a systemic hyperinflammatory response with a pronounced increase in the content of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Materials and methods . The study was conducted on the basis of the Samara Regional Children's Infectious Diseases Hospital from 2021 to 2022. 40 patients with moderate (n = 20, group I) and severe forms (n = 20, group II) COVID-19 were studied, the comparison group consisted of patients with viral pneumonia of another etiology (n = 35, group III). Results . The infectious agent SARS-CoV-2 induces high levels of cytokines IL-6 (p < 0.005), IL-8 (p < 0.05) and a slight increase in TNF-α (p < 0.05). IL-8 was significantly associated with disease duration (p < 0.01). We assume that the value of this interleukin will increase in the post-COVID period. Conclusions . Changes in IL-6 and IL-8 levels in patients with COVID-19, along with clinical features, are important biomarkers for predicting the severity and duration of the disease.