Complex inflammation indexes in patients with post-COVID syndromeНа сегодняшний день в мире активно занимаются выделением новых маркеров, характеризующих тяжесть состояния после перенесенного COVID-19. Для более детального понимания того, какие изменения вызывает вирус SARS-CoV-2 в организме человека и с чем взаимосвязано длительное сохранение симптомов после перенесенной новой коронавирусной инфекции, необходимо оценить связь между степенью тяжести после заболевания и показателями клинического анализа

Abstract

Today, the world is actively engaged in the selection of new markers that correlate with severity of the condition after recovery from COVID-19. For a more detailed understanding of the changes caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus in the human body, and assessment of the factors correlating with long-term persistence of symptoms after a new coronavirus infection, one should evaluate the relationships between the severity of the disease and the indices of clinical and biochemical blood tests. The purpose of the work was to reveal prognostic markers based on clinical blood testing which correlate with severity of the patients condition after a new coronavirus infection.
 The study included 372 patients in the post-COVID period. Initial course of the disease was assessed using the WHO Clinical Progression Scale. The patients were divided into groups according to the Post-COVID-19 Functional Status Scale (PCFS). When performing clinical blood analysis of subjects, critical points of laboratory parameters were identified and analyzed for presence of relationships with severity of the syndrome. Qualitative analysis of distinct types of immune reactions was carried out using the Protist software.
 The more pronounced statistically significant changes were found for the group 1. The NLR, LMR, SII coefficients were lower when compared with group 1, 2, 3. The PLR index was lower when compared with group 0. There were no other statistical differences between the groups. Therefore, the study of qualitative indexes is of interest. Suppressed immune respose (71-92%) was revealed, mainly, in groups 0, 1, 2. Activation of innate immunity, increased adaptive immunity and immunodeficiency (immune suppression) in groups 3 and 4 are observed in a half of the cases. The patients from group 2 took an intermediate position.
 Over the post-COVID period, general hematological disorders are not pronounced and sufficient for making a diagnosis. Therefore, one should bring more attention to complex qualitative indicators. It makes sense to use the Methods for determining the type of immune response by a comprehensive blood test as one of the main qualitative parameters in patients in the post-COVID period. At the same time, assessing the type of immune response allows not only to identify patients with post-COVID syndrome, but also to select patients who require anti-inflammatory and detoxication therapy.