Abstract
BackgroundThe aim was to examine correlations between radiological signs of chronic periodontitis, Mandibular Inferior Cortex (MIC) index and osteoporotic fracture probability based on the FRAX BMI tool.MethodsThe material comprised 422 panoramic radiographs taken in patients aged 40–89, 270 females and 152 males. The severity of chronic periodontitis and resorption of mandibular inferior cortex based on MIC index were assessed. A diagnostic survey was conducted to estimate 10-year major and hip osteoporotic fracture probability (MOFP, HOFP) by means of the FRAX BMI tool - an algorithm that allows to calculate osteoporotic fracture probability based on assessing bone fracture risk factors knowing only BMI value.ResultsThe conducted analysis based on U Mann-Whitney test revealed that mean 10-year MOFP was significantly higher (p = 0.00) in women than in men. Mean 10-year MOFP in females was 4.8% (SD = 3.95%) and in males 3.21% (SD = 2.35%). Mean 10-year HOFP in women was 1.35% (SD = 2.07%) and was significantly higher (p = 0.03) than in men – 0.79% (SD = 1.18%).MOFP is significantly higher in patients with moderate and severe periodontitis than in those with mild periodontitis. Significant difference between MIC values and MOFP (p = 0.00) and HOFP (p = 0.00) was found. Osteoporotic fracture probability was significantly higher in patients with MIC stages C2 and C3 than C1.ConclusionsThe FRAX BMI tool with radiological evaluation of periodontal disease severity and MIC index may be used in dental practice in determining individual risk of osteoporotic fracture in females and provide new opportunities of selecting those potentially more prone to such fractures.Trial registrationThe approval of the local bioethics committee was obtained (KE-0254/107/2017).
Highlights
The aim was to examine correlations between radiological signs of chronic periodontitis, Mandibular Inferior Cortex (MIC) index and osteoporotic fracture probability based on the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) body mass index (BMI) tool
So far, the majority of studies dealt with the comparison of bone mineral density (BMD) values measured by means of Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) with radiomorphometric measurements, but none of them described the comparison of FRAX BMI tool with panoramic measurements
The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between radiological signs of chronic periodontitis, Mandibular Inferior Cortex (MIC) index with osteoporotic fracture probability estimated on the basis of FRAX BMI tool
Summary
The aim was to examine correlations between radiological signs of chronic periodontitis, Mandibular Inferior Cortex (MIC) index and osteoporotic fracture probability based on the FRAX BMI tool. According to the World Health Organization osteoporosis is defined as “a disease characterized by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue, leading to enhanced bone fragility and a consequent increase in fracture risk” [1]. The characteristic features of this disease areincreased loss of bone mass and the disturbance of microdamage reparative process. It leads to a higher risk of osteoporotic fractures [2]. The radiological image consists of decreasing quantityof trabecular bone which becomesthinner. Osteoporotic lesions concern the cortical part of the bone [3]
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