CORRELATION OF SUNFLOWER YIELD WITH FERTILITY INDICATORS OF BLACK SOIL TYPICAL UNDER DIFFERENT FERTILIZER SYSTEMS

Abstract

One of the most important properties of the soil is its fertility, which is formed in the process of soil formation and is characterized by the totality of all its indicators. Restoration of soil fertility and its preservation should be a priority task of modern agriculture, as it is one of the important reserves for increasing the production of agricultural products. The purpose of the research was to determine the dependence of sunflower productivity on the physico-chemical and agrochemical parameters of typical chernozem depending on fertilization systems. The following methods were used in the research process: field - determination of the interaction of research objects with natural and agrotechnical factors; laboratory - determination of humus content, physicochemical and agrochemical indicators; statistical and mathematical - conducting dispersion, correlation and regression analysis. The use of the organo-mineral system of fertilization in crop rotation contributes to the improvement of their physico-chemical and agrochemical indicators of typical chernozem. The highest yield of sunflower is formed under the mineral –2.9 t/ha and organo-mineral fertilization system, which is significantly higher than the option without fertilizers. Long-term anthropogenic impact on typical chernozems leads to a trend of close correlation of sunflower yield with all indicators of mineral nutrition, except for mineral nitrogen, where the level of correlation was average (r = 0.41±0.24). Correlation coefficients indicate that pH, the sum of absorbed bases affect the increase in the content of humus, the average effect on the increase in the content of humus (r = 0.41), phosphorus (r = 0.62) and potassium (r = 0.65) in the soil layer 0-25 cm.