Correlation of Serum Th1/Th2 Cytokines with Insulin Resistance in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the correlation between serum Th1/Th2 cytokines and insulin resistance in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: A total of 50 cases of pregnant women diagnosed with GDM and 50 healthy pregnant women who visited the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University from January 2019 to December 2022 were recruited and divided into the GDM group and control group. Serum Th1/Th2 cytokines were observed and analyzed. Results: In the GDM group, serum IFN-γ levels were significantly higher than in the control group (P < 0.01), while there was no statistically significant difference in IL-4 levels (P > 0.05). Within the GDM group, HOMA-IR showed a positive correlation with IFN-γ (r = 0.67, P < 0.01) and no correlation with IL-4 (r = 0.19, P > 0.05). Within the control group, HOMA-IR did not correlate with either IFN-γ or IL-4 (r = 0.23, P > 0.05; r = 0.15, P > 0.05). Conclusion: The study concludes that the serum Th1 cytokine IFN-γ is correlated with insulin resistance in GDM, providing a novel perspective on the pathogenesis of GDM. Future studies should further explore the mechanisms and interventions to offer improved treatment options for patients with GDM.