Abstract
Objective. High-molecular-weight adiponectin (HMW-adiponectin) and leptin are two important adipokines. The aim of this study was to examine the association between the two adipokines and anthropometric measurements of neonates at birth. Furthermore, we would like to explore whether HMW-adiponectin and leptin correlate with insulin sensitivity in neonates. Methods. Venous cord blood samples were obtained from 266 full-term healthy neonates consecutively born at Peking Union Medical College Hospital. HMW-adiponectin, leptin, blood glucose, and insulin concentrations were measured. Results. HMW-adiponectin and leptin were significantly higher in females compared with males (P = 0.031 and P = 0.000, resp.). Univariate correlation analysis showed that leptin concentrations in cord blood were positively associated with gestational age, birth weight, body length, ponderal index, placenta weight, insulin, and insulin sensitivity (all P < 0.001). However, there was no correlation between cord blood HMW-adiponectin levels and foetal anthropometric measurements or foetal insulin sensitivity indicators (all P > 0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that leptin (B = −0.126, P = 0.045) in cord blood was independently associated with insulin sensitivity. Conclusions. Leptin concentrations, but not HMW-adiponectin, were positively associated with foetal anthropometric measurements. Leptin concentrations are significantly associated with foetal insulin sensitivity, and there were no significant correlations between HMW-adiponectin levels and foetal insulin sensitivity.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus poses a major challenge to public health
Adipokines have been introduced as novel links between obesity and its complications, including diabetes, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia in adults and the elderly, because they are involved in the regulation of energy expenditure, appetite and satiety, insulin sensitivity, adipogenesis, fat distribution, and insulin secretion [3]
Females had higher HMW-adiponectin and leptin concentrations compared with males (15.35 ± 6.67 versus 13.34 ± 6.77, P = 0.031, and 10.82 ± 6.32 versus 8.12 ± 5.12, P = 0.000, resp.)
Summary
High-molecular-weight adiponectin (HMW-adiponectin) and leptin are two important adipokines. We would like to explore whether HMW-adiponectin and leptin correlate with insulin sensitivity in neonates. HMW-adiponectin, leptin, blood glucose, and insulin concentrations were measured. Univariate correlation analysis showed that leptin concentrations in cord blood were positively associated with gestational age, birth weight, body length, ponderal index, placenta weight, insulin, and insulin sensitivity (all P < 0.001). There was no correlation between cord blood HMWadiponectin levels and foetal anthropometric measurements or foetal insulin sensitivity indicators (all P > 0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that leptin (B = −0.126, P = 0.045) in cord blood was independently associated with insulin sensitivity. But not HMW-adiponectin, were positively associated with foetal anthropometric measurements. Leptin concentrations are significantly associated with foetal insulin sensitivity, and there were no significant correlations between HMW-adiponectin levels and foetal insulin sensitivity
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