Correlation of Dental and Skeletal Maturity Using Dimirgian and Cervical Vertebral Maturation Indices in Orthodontic Patients

Abstract

OBJECTIVES To determine the correlation between skeletal and dental maturity using the cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) index (CVMI) and Demirjian index (DI) in orthodontic patients. METHODOLOGY Panoramic and lateral cephalogram radiographs of 105 patients pretreatment records were retrieved. Tooth calcification stages for mandibular left molar were recorded using Demirjian Index on the panoramic radiograph. The skeletal maturation stages were evaluated on a lateral cephalogram through CVMI staging. Fisher’s exact test and Cramer’s V values were estimated to determine the correlation between DI and CVMI. Weighted kappa statistics were used to determine the reproducibility of inter-observer assessment of DI and CVMI. A p-value of ≤ 0.05 was taken to be statistically significant. RESULTS A statistically significant correlation is present among the various stages of DI and CVMI for the males (Fisher exact = 25.006, Cramer’s V = 0.848, p = < 0.001) and females (Fisher exact = 41.006, Cramer’s V = 0.623, p = <0.001). A comparison of DI with respect to CVMI shows a more advanced skeletal stage in males than for female subjects. CONCLUSION The correlation between CVMI and DI stages was found to be highly significant. Stage D and F of DI were significantly correlated with stage 3 and stage 4 of CVMI in females and males respectively.