Correlation between vitamin D3 deficiency and serum leptin levels in a patient with polycystic ovary syndrome

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine and metabolic disorders in premenopausal women. PCOS impacts women of reproductive age regardless of ethnic origin, although the signs and symptoms may vary by ethnic group. Symptoms include obesity, hirsutism, acne, amenorrhea, sterility, occasional menometrorrhagia. The objectives of thi study is to assess the possible association of vitamin D3 with BMI in PCOS and to investigate the role of serum leptin and vitamin D3 levels in the pathogenesis of PCOS. To shed light on the pathophysiology of PCOS. A case-control study was performed in Al- Batool Teaching Hospital in Baquba city during the period from 1st December 2020 to the end of March 2021. It included 50 PCOS patients and 34 subjects as healthy control. The biomarkers studied were: serum Vitamin D3, Leptin, LH and FSH and then Serum Vitamin D3 and Leptin were measured by ELISA technique. But serum LH and FSH were measured by Cobas e 411 system. Serum Vitamin D3 levels have decreased significantly and FSH in the patients’ group as compared to the control group, while for the other variables, the mean values of leptin, LH, LH/FSH, & BMI were significantly more significant in the PCOS group than in the control group. In conclusion, women who suffer from polycystic ovarian syndrome PCOS were more prone to lack vitamin D and FSH levels than those without PCOS. At the same time, there is higher LH, LH/FSH, and BMI levels for PCOS patients from healthy women. The PCOS group had higher blood leptin concentrations, especially in overweight and obese patients; because leptin is produced from adipose tissue, obesity seems to exacerbate blood higher leptin in PCOS patients, significantly impairing reproductive functions. A significant negative correlation was found between serum vitamin D3 levels and BMI in the PCOS group; as a result, obesity contributes to vitamin D deficiency risk.