Abstract
Background:Thyroid nodules are common presentation in patients having thyroid disorders. There is approximately 4-5% incidence of clinically apparent thyroid lesions in general populations.Thyroid nodules are about four times more common in females than in males. The present study aims to diagnose the thyroid lesions and evaluate to relation and diagnostic test of ultrasonography (USG) and Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) report. To determine the sensitivity of ultrasonography in detecting thyroid lesions.Method:This was hospital based prospective study carried in 94 patients who came to radiology department for USG neck, after clinical examination frommedicine, surgery and ENT department.Those patients with thyroid lesions were followed and advised for USG guided FNAC of thyroid swelling. The patients who were advised for FNAC, and gave consent for procedure were included in the study. The USG guided FNAC was done and wasfurther evaluated by pathologist. Results:Out of 94 cases, 85 were benign nodules and 9 were malignant nodules by USG which were further confirmed by FNAC with results of 87 benign and 7 malignant.The USG diagnosed the benign thyroid nodule with sensitivity of 96.55% and specificity of 85.71%, positive predictive value 98.82%, negative predictive value 66.67%, accuracy 95.74%. The result revealed that there is a strong relation between diagnoses of benign thyroid lesions by USG and final diagnosis by FNAC (P=0.001).Conclusion:High resolution grey scale imaging features can differentiate benign and malignant lesions. USG is very helpful for FNAC, characterization of nodules and provides differential diagnosis in those patients affecting with thyroid disorders.
Highlights
Thyroid nodules are common findings on grey scale imaging
The present study aims to diagnose the thyroid lesions and evaluate the correlation between ultrasonography (USG) and Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) reports
USG is very helpful for fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), characterization of nodules and provides differential diagnosis in those patients affecting with thyroid disorders
Summary
Thyroid nodules are common findings on grey scale imaging. They are formed within thyroid parenchyma and can be solid, cystic or mixed type.[1] Ultrasound is the first line of investigation in evaluation of thyroid gland and has high sensitivity even in the detection of tiny nodules. Most common thyroid nodules are benign comprising of 90% followed by malignant 10%.3, 4. The features of malignancy in Ultrasound include marked hypoechogenecity, presence of microcalcifications, irregular margins, and nodules with shape taller than wide and intranodular hypervascularity in color Doppler.[5, 6] The goal of this study is to differentiate between benign and malignant thyroid nodule using ultrasonography and correlate with fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) findings
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