Abstract
Cancer Antigen (CA-125) is a tumor marker used to detect ovarian cancer. This study aims to determine the relationship of VEGF expression and the levels of CA-125 on primary tumor associated with stage, degree of differentiation and histopathological types of epithelial ovarian cancer. This study is an observational study with a cross sectional design in Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital and some parts teaching hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology began in August 2015 to February 2016. The population was all patients with epithelial ovarian cancer who were treated and underwent surgery at the hospital who met the inclusion criteria. The data were processed using SPSS with bivariate analysis Mann Whitney, Kruskal Wallis and Spearman's Rho. The result there were significant differences of VEGF expression in cell differentiation and histopathological type (p <0.05). There are significant differences in the levels of CA-125 with clinical stage, differentiation of cells and histopathological type (p <0.05). The expression of VEGF is getting stronger when the type of epithelial ovarian cancer is getting bad influence on the degree of cells differentiation and the histopathological type. CA-125 levels obtained increased at an advanced stage and degree of cells differentiation are bad for ovarian cancer. There is a positive correlation between the expression of VEGF and CA-125 levels in epithelial ovarian cancer but was not significantly different and the relationship is weak.
Highlights
Ovarian cancer is the most deadly gynecology malignancy
This study showing there is significant Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) expression difference related with cell differentiation and histopathology type (p
VEGF is causing angiogenesis greatly that enable the cancer to growth exponentially, enable the cancer to spread to faraway places as metastatic cancer
Summary
Ovarian cancer is the most deadly gynecology malignancy. General Pathophysiology for ovarian cancer is peritoneal metastasis, and ascites accumulation often happened progressively with or without malignancy cells in peritoneal fluid. Metastasis to peritoneal cavity is connected with several non-specific symptoms which often misdiagnosed with gastro-intestine or other internal genitalia diseases. Some generally found symptoms are the abdominal discomfort and full sensation. Other problem found is difficulties to palpate the ovary mass which still in pelvic cavity. Because of these reason (non-specific symptom and un-palpable mass), around 70% patients are late diagnosed at stage III or IV [1, 2, 3, 4]
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