Abstract
Building concentrated resettlement community in small towns is mostly used to deal with resettlement construction for rural migrants in economically developed regions in China, which leads to migrants’ living environment changing from rural settlements where production and living are intertwined to an urban community that only supports living functions. However, the urbanized environment is contrary to elderly migrants’ behavior, resulting in contradictions or conflicts between migrants and resettlement communities, reflecting a lack of urbanization synchronization between migrants and resettlement community environments. Further, elderly migrants are also equipped with different degrees and types of urbanization characteristics, thus reflecting different abilities to adapt to the urban community environment. Based on the corresponding relationship between people’s different production and living needs and urbanization, this research starts by investigating the production and living needs of elderly migrants, and further clarifies the environmental adaptability of elderly migrants by sorting the types and characteristics of urbanization of elderly migrants to provide a reference basis for the planning and construction of future resettlement areas. The research uses questionnaires and semi-structured interviews to investigate the population attributes and characteristics of elderly migrants, as well as their different needs for production and living. The research uses hierarchical cluster analysis, the one-way ANOVA test and Chi-square test to constructed a four-quadrant model on human urbanization features: an Urban Group with both living and production urbanized (Group H-H); a Half-urban-half-rural Group with only living needs urbanized (Group H-L); a Half-urban-Half-rural Group with only production needs urbanized (Group L-H); and a Rural group with both living and production needs not urbanized (Group L-L). Finally, based on the results, this research proposed three elderly environment construction orientations of “Promote the Supply Level of Urban Public Services”, “Create a Place That Embodies the Spirit of Immigrants’ Homeland”, and “Moderate Consideration of Agricultural Production Needs” for residential planning.
Highlights
This study found that elderly migrants reflect various cognitive characteristics of production and living needs
H-L, a half-urban-half-rural only urbanized in living withthe middle enmental adaptability of elderly migrantsgroup is complicated: one factor is that production vironmental adaptability: the proportion of males is a little higher, the age is younger, and living needs of different urban environmental adaptability groups is different; the other health condition is better; most of them have an independent house, and most is isand thattheir the population attributes of four groups with different environmental adaptability still have a spouse, with an overall strong work capacity and high education levels; different
Elderly migrants have the following four characteristics for the production and living needs of resettlement community: (1) in terms of urban public services, basic services were needed by all groups and more were needed by Group H-H and H-L; with the impact of the urbanized environment, urban public services will be more demanded; (2) in terms of rural public services, the four groups have high demand; (3) in terms of Agriculture elements, only the L-H group has no demand; (4) four groups all have no Handmade and Business
Summary
Facing development-forced displacement and resettlement brought about by project construction and ecological exploitation during the new urbanization period, China has conducted diverse forms of urbanization resettlement practices in areas having different economic development levels [1,2,3,4]. Its economically developed regions, represented by the Yangtze River Delta, mostly build urban-mode resettlement communities in small towns because of high urbanization and land scarcity. There, China promotes nonagricultural production resettlement for migrants through technical training or industrial park construction due to loss of land. Migrants’ living space is transformed from villages on rural collective land to resettlement communities on urban residential land, where public
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