Correlates and Predictors of Increasing Waist Circumference in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Victor Mogre,Robert Abedandi,Zenabankara S Salifu

doi:10.1155/2014/318569

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM) has become a disease of public health concern worldwide. Obesity and elevated blood pressure have been shown to be comorbidities of type 2 DM. In this cross-sectional study in Tamale, Ghana, we determined the prevalence of abdominal obesity among type 2 DM patients. Furthermore, we examined the demographic, clinical, and anthropometric predictors of increasing waist circumference in this population. Three hundred type 2 DM patients attending the outpatient diabetes clinic of the Tamale Teaching Hospital, Ghana, were recruited for the study. Waist circumference (WC) and hip circumferences were measured appropriately. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) were taken from the personal health record files of patients. Demographic data were obtained. Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression models were employed to identify predictors of increasing WC. The prevalence of abdominal obesity was 77.0% and was significantly higher in women than in men. A positive correlation was observed between waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and WC (r = 0.56, P < 0.001), female gender (r = 0.73, P < 0.001), and age (r = 0.20, P < 0.001). A high prevalence of abdominal obesity was observed. Predictors of increasing WC were gender, age, FPG, and WHR.

Highlights

Diabetes especially diabetes mellitus (DM) has become a disease of concern for both developed and developing countries [1, 2]
A DM prevalence of 8% has been reported in Europe and the US [5, 6]
At least 6% of adults in Ghana are affected with type 2 DM [12]

Summary

Introduction

Diabetes especially diabetes mellitus (DM) has become a disease of concern for both developed and developing countries [1, 2]. The prevalence of DM worldwide was estimated to be 8.3% in 2011 and is expected to rise to 9.9% by the year 2030 [3] largely due to the global obesity epidemic and other factors [4]. A DM prevalence of 8% has been reported in Europe and the US [5, 6]. In subSaharan Africa the prevalence of diabetes has not been well established [7]. Reported prevalence varies widely (Benin 3%; Mauritania 6%; Cameroon 6.1%; Congo 7.1%; Zimbabwe 10.2%; Democratic Republic of Congo 14.5%) [8]. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM) has been shown to be the most common form of diabetes in sub-Saharan Africa [9, 10] constituting 90–95% [11]. At least 6% of adults in Ghana are affected with type 2 DM [12]

Objectives

Methods

Results