Coronary Heart Disease Risk factors of in an urban locality of Eastern India

Abstract

Background: Cardio-vascular disorders with known and unknown risk factors are likely to become a major public health problem in Asia. Prevalence of risk factors of coronary heart diseases (CHD) has shown variations in different study settings that necessitates area specific research. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of risk factors of CHD and find out awareness amongst urban population. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted during May’13 – April’14 among 350 subjects of 25-64yrs selected by systematic random sampling. Data on socio-demographic, medical and personal history along with anthropometric measurements were collected through house-to-house visit. Blood sample was analyzed for fasting blood sugar, lipid profile. Results: Prevalence of risk factors CHD among males in decreasing order are high LDL (54.4%), low HDL (49.7%), high triglyceride (44.2%), central obesity and BMI ≥23 (43.5%). In females they are central obesity (59.6%), followed by sedentary life style (51.7%), high LDL (49.3%) and high BMI (40.9%). Prevalence of high blood sugar showed an increasing trend as age advanced with 7 to 8 fold rise in age group of 45-54 and 55-64 in comparison to 25-34 years. Awareness regarding traditional risk factors CHD ranged from 70% to 80%. Lack of physical exercise as risk factor was known to only 22%. Conclusion: Although awareness about risk factors CHD was encouraging, high prevalence of risk factors indicates lack of healthful practices in community. Key words: Coronary Heart Disease, Dyslipidemia, Epidemiology, Life style, Obesity, Risk factors.