Abstract
Journalism's appeal to the public is in decline and the causes and remedies for this are debated in society and academia. One dimension that has garnered attention is that of journalistic norms and how they are performed; it has been proposed that a journalism based on a different, more transparent, normative base can better connect with citizens, compared with the current prevailing norm of journalistic objectivity. However, the opinions of citizens themselves have been remarkably absent and, in order to inform the debate, this study inductively investigates how citizens view and relate to the notion of good journalism. Drawing upon a theoretical framework of Bourdieu's concept of doxa, journalistic role performance, and social contract theory, this study is based on the results of 13 focus groups. The findings suggest that the respondents’ views about good journalism are quite in accordance with the traditional norms of the journalistic field; however, there is more emphasis on stylistic and linguistic qualities. Few calls are made for transparency. The results suggest that a remedy to the decreasing trust in news may not lay in the changing of norms, but rather in how already established norms and values of the journalistic field are performed.
Highlights
Journalism is not just any form of information production; it is associated with certain skills, practices and norms, and role orientations and performances (Mellado 2015; Hanitzsch and Vos 2017), that separate it from other genres (Schudson 2001)
As research has shown, the norms of journalism varies with time and space (Hanitzsch et al 2011) and is socially constructed as research based on Social Contract Theory (SCT) illustrates (Wilkins 1990; Ward 2005; Sjøvaag 2010; Merrill 2011)
Regardless of how the focus groups were composed along the lines of news consumption and trust in journalism, all of them strongly acknowledged the journalistic doxa
Summary
Journalism is not just any form of information production; it is associated with certain skills, practices and norms, and role orientations and performances (Mellado 2015; Hanitzsch and Vos 2017), that separate it from other genres (Schudson 2001). KEYWORDS Doxa; focus group; journalistic norms; journalistic role performance; news consumers; social contract theory; transparency
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