Abstract
Objectives: The main objective of this article is to present a novel corner defected ultra wideband (UWB-3.1 to 10.6 GHz) rectangular patch with a partial ground plane to enhance the bandwidth with multi-resonance characteristics. By defecting the corners, the original rectangle patch will be converted into defected shape of proposed one to satisfy the objective. Methods: A FR-4 substrate with height (h) of 1.6 mm, dielectric constant (e r) of 4.3 and the loss tangent of 0.025 was used to develop the required antenna. The antenna was excited by a 50 Ohm microstrip line. This antenna was designed, simulated and analyzed by using MS–CST (Microwave Studio – Computer Simulation Technology) to attain the outcomes such as return loss (S11< -10 dB), voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR < 2), improved gain, Omni-directional radiation patterns, and enhanced bandwidth. Findings: It exhibits a fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 152.9 % between 2 GHz and 15 GHz. The antenna resonates at multiple frequencies owing to truncation of corners and produces resonant frequencies of 3.87 GHz and 11.36 GHz with the corresponding return losses of -26.03 dB and -34.87 dB respectively in the simulation point of view. The antenna was fabricated and tested. The measured and simulated results of the desired antenna were compared, and they show good agreement. Applications: The proposed antenna is suitable for UWB, WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access), C and X – band communications. Keywords: Ultrawideband; Rectangular patch; Bandwidth; Return loss; VSWR; Gain
Highlights
The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) had released the unlicensed frequency band, 3.1-10.6 GHz (7.5 GHz spectrum) for ultra-wideband (UWB) communication systems in Feb.14, 2002 [1]
3.1 Discussion of simulation results The plain structure of antenna shown in Figure 1 a resonates at the frequency 3.95 GHz and the corresponding return loss (RL) and Voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) are -18.6 dB and 1.2
In addition to top left corner, the top right corner defected antenna is shown in Figure 1c, which produces the resonant frequency of 4.2 GHz and it’s S11 and VSWR are -19.3 dB and 1.2
Summary
The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) had released the unlicensed frequency band, 3.1-10.6 GHz (7.5 GHz spectrum) for ultra-wideband (UWB) communication systems in Feb.14, 2002 [1]. The upper corners of the patch are square notched and lower corners are rectangular notched to enhance the bandwidth. This antenna produced a bandwidth of 3.5-14.9 GHz with percentage bandwidth of 123.91%. A UWB rectangular patch with defected ground structure (DGS) was addressed in [4]. The bandwidth of this antenna could be increased by one round cut at each corner of the patch with one slot in the ground plane. The bandwidth of an antenna can be increased by using a circular patch with a defective structure of ground[8]. A pentagonal patch with DGP (defected ground plane) was invented for ultra wideband [11]
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