Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemopreventive effect of the ethanolic extract of Cordia lutea flowers (EECL) on N-methyl-N-nitrosourea- (MNU), cyproterone-, and testosterone-induced prostate cancer in rats. 40 Holtzman male rats were used and assigned to 5 groups (n = 8). In Group I, rats received normal saline (10 mL/Kg); Group II: rats were induced for prostate cancer with cyproterone, testosterone, and NMU; Groups III, IV, and V: rats received EECL daily, at doses of 50, 250, and 500 mg/kg body weight, respectively. After the period of treatment, animals were sacrificed by an overdose of pentobarbital and blood samples were collected for determination of prostate-specific antigen (PSA). The prostate was dissected and weighed accurately. The ventral lobe of the prostate was processed for histopathology analysis. The somatic prostate index decreased with EECL at dependent dose, from 0.34 ± 0.04 to 0.23 ± 0.05 (P < 0.05). The PSA levels also decreased significantly at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg. Histopathological analysis showed a decrease in the number of prostatic layers with high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HG-PIN) and low-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (LG-PIN) at the dose of 500 mg/kg. The ethanolic extract of Cordia lutea flowers had a chemopreventive effect on induced prostate cancer in rats.
Highlights
Cancer is a large group of diseases that can start in almost any organ or tissue in the body when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably, go beyond their usual limits to invade adjacent parts of the body, and/or spread to other organs, the latter. is process is called metastasis and is a major cause of cancer death [1]
Histopathological analysis showed a decrease in the number of prostatic layers with high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HG-PIN) and low-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (LG-PIN) at the dose of 500 mg/kg. e ethanolic extract of Cordia lutea flowers had a chemopreventive effect on induced prostate cancer in rats
Phytochemical Analysis of Ethanol Extract of Cordia lutea by gas chromatography technique coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS). e ethanolic extract of the Cordia lutea flower had a yield of 13.55%. e spectra of the unknown components were compared to the spectrum of the known components stored in the NIST library
Summary
Cancer is a large group of diseases that can start in almost any organ or tissue in the body when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably, go beyond their usual limits to invade adjacent parts of the body, and/or spread to other organs, the latter. is process is called metastasis and is a major cause of cancer death [1]. Is process is called metastasis and is a major cause of cancer death [1]. Population growth and increased longevity are globally increasing the number of older people; aging is associated with noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), which are responsible for seven out of every 10 deaths in the world [2]. One of the main causes of death from NCDs is cancer, which in 2018 affected 18.1 million people worldwide and produced 9.6 million deaths. Estimating by 2040, these numbers will be almost double, the largest increase being in low- and middle-income countries, where more than two-thirds of cancers in the world will occur [3]. In Peru, death rates from prostate cancer increased from 20.9 (2005–2009) to 24.1 (2010–2014) per 100,000 men, an increase of 15.2%. According to the regions, during the period 2010–2014, the coast had the highest mortality rate (28.9 per 100,000), while the rain forest had the lowest (7.43 per 100,000) [5]
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