Coral-like, self-assembled, and spatially bounded Ag nano-particles on franzinite zeolite composite sensor toward accurate, synergetic, and ultra-trace sulfadiazine detection

Abstract

A coral-like Ag@FRA zeolite nanocomposite sensor reveals high sensitivity toward sulfadiazine (SDZ) in a dual detection of fluorescence and electrochemistry. The sensor has been as-synthesized in the hydrothermal condition through a one-pot self-assembly process in which the high crystalline Ag nanoparticles (NPs) are closely arranged and stacked on the nanosized surface cage window of the FRA (Franzinite) zeolite. Strong ultrasound can drive the coral-like composite release Ag nanoparticles whose distribution range mainly from 10 to 12 nm lead to the purple fluorescence in an emission spectrum. In sea water, the fluorescence increases linearly in the SDZ concentration range of 5 × 10−18-5 × 10−10 M. Furthermore, the LOD (limit of detection) reaches 1.4 × 10−22 M by the spatial confinement effect of the coral-liked FRA cage structure in CV (cyclic voltammetry) method at the characteristic potential peak position of 0.1 V vs. SCE. The theoretical calculation also confirms that the FRA cage structure matches well with the SDZ molecules. Further studies indicate the generation of a novel stable composite sensor with high specificity, good recovery and repeatability, which depends on the induction of silver ions upon the artificial synthesis of FRA.