A new Ag-nanoparticle with 4-nitro phenylcyanamide ligand: synthesis characterization and application to the detection of dibucaine, naphazoline, dopamine, and acetaminophen

Abstract

In this research, Ag(I) nanoparticle with 4-nitro phenylcyanamide ligand, [AgL] n , where L = 4-nitro phenylcyanamide (4-NO2pcyd), was synthesized successfully. FT-IR, 1H-NMR, TGA, and UV–Vis studies were done for the structural and thermal characterization of the Ag(I) nanoparticle. The spherical morphology of silver nanoparticles was confirmed from SEM image. The transmission electron microscopy image showed that the particle size dimensions of silver nanoparticles were about 1.5–5 nm. Furthermore, Ag(I) nanoparticle was immobilized on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE), and the electroactivity behavior was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The obtained [AgL] n -modified GCE showed high catalytic activity for the oxidation of dibucaine and naphazoline. The peak current of differential pulse voltammograms of dibucaine and naphazoline increased linearly with their concentration in the ranges of 2.17–5.74 µM naphazoline and 18.5–72.2 µM dibucaine. The detection limits for dibucaine and naphazoline were 0.002 and 0.009 µM, respectively. In addition, the obtained [AgL] n -modified GCE was investigated for the simultaneous determination of dopamine (DA) and acetaminophen (AP). In DPV technique, both DA and AP give sensitive oxidation peaks at 130 and 312 mV, respectively. Under the optimized experimental conditions, DA and AP give linear response over the range of 5–200 µmol L−1 (r = 0.996) and 5–300 µmol L−1 (r = 0.994), respectively. The lower detection limits were found to be 0.7 for DA and 0.5 µmol L−1 for AP. The investigated method showed good stability, reproducibility [1.4 % (DA) and 2.5 % (AP)], and repeatability (1.8 %).