Copper slag and high-strength concrete

Abstract

In this work, we aim to prepare M30 grade concrete utilizing copper slag as a replacement material for fine aggregates in proportions of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100% in the concrete. The experiment was conducted at constant w/b and w/c ratios with varying amounts of superplasticizer, and the performance was investigated based on the workability, mechanical and durability properties of the concrete mixtures. The results indicated that the workability and density of concrete increase significantly with increased copper slag content in concrete mixes. The strength increased with the increase in copper slag until 50% replacement and decreased with a further increase of copper slag content compared to the control mixture. Among the tested proportions, 50% copper slag replacement exhibited high compressive and split tensile strength, sustainable elasticity, and resistivity towards chloride, acid and sulphate attack. Based on the ultrasonic pulse velocity test, the quality of the concrete was identified as excellent, with low porosity and good behaviour. Our study recommends that the industrial waste byproduct copper slag at 50% display improved mechanical properties to achieve improved high-strength concrete (HSC) with good workability and better consistency and would stand as a suitable substitute for sand.