Abstract
The formal standard potentials of the Cu/Cu+, Cu/Cu2+, Ag/Ag+ and Au/Au+ couples have been measured in acetonitrile, propionitrile and benzonitrile in 0.1 mol dm−3 tetraethylammonium perchlorate medium at 25°C. The emf data were used to estimate the Gibbs free energies of Cu+, Cu2+, Ag+ and Au+ transfer from water to nitriles. Determined transfer energies are negative for Cu+, Ag+, and Au+ and positive for Cu2+. The disproportionation constant KD=[Cu2+]/[Cu+]2 has been calculated for all nitriles studied. The results are discussed in terms of ionic solvation.
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