Abstract
With the rapid development of e-commerce, logistics distribution has become the bottleneck of its development. It is urgent to study how to optimize the cooperation between e-commerce platforms and logistics service providers. Based on Stackelberg game theory, this research first studies the decision making of two-stage logistics service supply chains consisting of the e-commerce mall and the logistics service provider without cooperative distribution, in which decentralization and centralization are analyzed, respectively. Then, it is extended to the decision making of three-stage logistics service supply chains consisting of e-commerce malls, express delivery companies, and terminal distributors. The results show that the profit, sales volume, and logistics service effort of the centralized decision-making system are higher than those of the decentralized decision-making system, regardless of the two-stage or three-stage logistics service supply chain. Therefore, it is vital to formulate a reasonable profit distribution scheme based on revenue-sharing contract to achieve the cooperation among the partners of logistics service supply chain, so as to achieve a win-win situation in which all of their profits increase. Finally, a numerical example is presented to verify the results, and some issues are proposed for future research.
Highlights
Industry BackgroundThe e-commerce and online transactions have developed rapidly in mainland China
According to the statistics of the State Post Office, in 2017, the volume of business of the national express delivery service enterprises reached to RMB 40 billion, an increase of 28% compared with the same period last year
Based on the above background of the operation of the e-commerce logistics service supply chain (LSSC) in China, this study focuses on the coordination of revenue sharing between online shopping mall, express companies, and collection-and-delivery points (CDPs) from different points of view
Summary
The e-commerce and online transactions have developed rapidly in mainland China. According to the data released by the National Bureau of Statistics, China’s net retail sales reached RMB 7,180 billion in 2017, and the nationwide online retail sales increased by 32.2% over the same period. Online shopping mall, express delivery company, and CDPs are independent entities Their pricing decisions tend to maximize their interests, and lack of coordination results in a similar loss of double marginalization in supply chain (Spengler, 1950). Based on the above background of the operation of the e-commerce logistics service supply chain (LSSC) in China, this study focuses on the coordination of revenue sharing between online shopping mall, express companies, and CDPs from different points of view. In the e-commerce LSSC, the express delivery companies and CDPs jointly provide online shopping malls with outsourcing services for transportation, distribution, and warehousing, which is equivalent to acting as the role of third-party logistics (3PL). In “Conclusions and Future Research” section, the main results are concluded with suggestions for future research
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