Coordinated energy management for commercial prosumers integrated with distributed stationary storages and EV fleets

Abstract

The integration of intermittent renewable energy and stochastic electric vehicle (EV) loads in buildings and power systems poses new challenges such as increased peak demands and grid instability. Regarding multi-directional interactions among heterogeneous loads, generation, storages, and power grid, the synergy between prosumers, stationary storages and electromobility is crucial for future energy systems. In this study, coordinated energy management was investigated for a neighborhood involving commercial buildings with distributed renewables and stationary batteries, and plug-in EVs. Compared to the collaborative control of EV and stationary storages at single prosumers, the energy sharing system with centralized control of mobile and stationary storages achieved superior techno-economic performance. Case studies demonstrated that the renewables-storage sharing with centralized storage scheduling decreased annual energy costs for both buildings and EV owners by over 15%, and the cycle aging cost of stationary storage by 25%. While the performance under day-ahead scheduling of EV and stationary storages depends more on the prediction accuracy, the real-time renewables-storage sharing strategy integrated with pre-scheduled EV charging provides an effective alternative solution for the stakeholders. The study explores potential coordinated approaches for communities with low-carbon buildings, flexible storages, and intelligent infrastructure to maximize the operational value and improve the grid stability.