Cooperative Scheme ToA-RSSI and Variable Anchor Positions for Sensors Localization in 2D Environments

Abstract

To rich good accuracy in the 2D area for wireless sensor network (WSN) nodes, a localization method has to be selected. The objective of this paper is first to select which localization technique is required (Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)) or (Time of Arrival (ToA)) against anchors placement in a 2D area. Depending on whether the anchor nodes are spaced or not and inspired by the idea of using the RSSI method for small distances and the ToA method for greater distances, we will show which method should be used for the positioning process which mainly guarantees a minimal localization error. Second, a two-dimensional localization scheme for WSN which is called Combined Advantages of ToA-RSSI (CA ToA-RSSI), hereafter, ranging methods, is designed in this work, to make the accuracy better during the positioning process. Results provided through MATLAB simulations show that our new technique improves considerably the positioning accuracy compared with the traditional RSSI and ToA ranging method. The proposed scheme can be run under Line of Sight and (LOS) and Nonline of Sight (NLOS) conditions taking into account a difference in the measurement error.