Abstract
Aimed at the shortcomings of low localization accuracy of the fixed multianchor method, a three-dimensional localization algorithm for wireless sensor network nodes is proposed in this paper, which combines received signal strength indicator (RSSI) and time of arrival (TOA) ranging information and single mobile anchor node. A mobile anchor node was introduced in the proposed three-dimensional localization algorithm for wireless sensor networks firstly, and the mobile anchor node moves according to the Gauss–Markov three-dimensional mobility model. Then, based on the idea of using RSSI ranging in the near end and TOA ranging in the far end, a ranging method combining RSSI and TOA ranging information is proposed to obtain the precise distance between the anchor node and the unknown node. Finally, the maximum-likelihood estimation method is used to estimate the position of unknown nodes based on the obtained ranging values. The MATLAB simulation results show that the proposed algorithm had a higher localization accuracy and lower localization energy consumption compared with the traditional RSSI localization method or TOA localization method.
Highlights
Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a distributed sensor network consisting of a large number of inexpensive microsensor nodes deployed in the monitoring area to form a multihop and self-organizing network system through wireless communication [1]
WSN node localization method can be classified into the range-based localization method and range-free localization method according to whether the distance measurement is needed in the localization process [2]. e former needs to estimate the distance between the unknown node and the anchor node when estimating the location of unknown node
Ranging strategies commonly used in the range-based localization method are angle of arrival (AOA), time of arrival (TOA), and received signal strength indicator (RSSI) [3]
Summary
Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a distributed sensor network consisting of a large number of inexpensive microsensor nodes deployed in the monitoring area to form a multihop and self-organizing network system through wireless communication [1]. E use of dynamic anchor node localization can greatly reduce the number of anchor nodes and can improve the localization effect. In order to reduce the number of static anchor nodes, reduce the operation cost of the whole network, and improve the localization effect, the localization algorithm based on dynamic anchor nodes has obvious advantages [8]. Karim et al [9] proposed a range-free, energy-efficient, localization technique based on mobile anchor nodes for the large-scale machine-to-machine environment. In order to improve the ranging accuracy of the node and reduce the localization error of the WSN three-dimensional node, a three-dimensional localization method of WSN nodes was proposed based on RSSI-TOA and single mobile anchor node through combining the single mobile anchor node strategy and the integrated RSSI-TOA localization method. The effectiveness of the method was verified through simulation experiments
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