Cooperative Game-Based Charging-Discharging Efficiency Optimization of Electric Vehicles in 6G-Enabled V2G

Abstract

Electric vehicles are considered the alternative to fossil fuel-powered vehicles to address issues of greenhouse gas emissions in the transportation system. Moreover, by taking the advantage of potential price differences, electric vehicles can purchase electricity from renewable charging stations and sell the remaining energy back to the grid for profit via Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G). In this paper, we aim to maximize the profit of EV coalition under constraints such as the energy capacity of EVs, the limited number of charging piles at charging stations, and the accessibility of traffic routes. The new advances of 6G technology can facilitate distributed intelligent cooperation between vehicles, due to the high availability, high reliability, and high throughput. In this paper, since centralized coordination is costly, we first use the time expanded graph to describe various constraints, and then the graph algorithm is adopted to model the problem. The cooperative game is introduced to solve the problem of vehicle path planning. In this regard, an algorithm to make charging/discharging decisions for EVs is proposed. Finally, the feasibility and superiority of the proposed method is evaluated using synthetic data derived from a real traffic map.