Abstract
Demak is an area in Indonesia with a high stunting rate of 50.28%. Mangrove fruit, a major regional commodity, should be used as a basis for Supplementary Feeding Program (SFP) cookies to overcome stunting in Demak. This study was aimed to analyse the nutritional content, nutrition absorption inhibiting agents, and acceptance of mangrove fruit cookies. This research used a completely randomized sample with a one-factor design to formulate mangrove and soybean flour. The formulations used were F1 (60%: 40%), F2 (70%: 30%), F3 (80%: 20%), and F0 (100% wheat flour) as the control group. The best formula of mangrove and soybean cookies was F2 with average energy 479.44 kcal/100 g, protein 11.70 g/100 g, fat 23.93 g/100 g, carbohydrate 54.31 g/100 g, zinc 2.68 mg/100 g, iron 6.72 mg/100 g, calcium 659.03 mg/100 g, HCN 1.77 ppm, and tannin 101.9 mg/100 g. The best cookie formulation that met the SFP quality requirements was F2, with a composition of 70% mangrove fruit flour and 30% soy flour.
Highlights
Nutritional needs are essential for growth and development in infants and toddlers
The main ingredients’ nutritional value was calculated using the 2007 Nutrisurvey application and adjusted for the percentage of mangrove fruit flour and soybean flour that could meet Supplementary Feeding Program (SFP) specifications according to Minister of Health Regulation number 51 of 2016, which contains a minimum of 400 kcal, 8–12 g of protein and 10–18 grams of fat (The Regulation from Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016)
The quality and quantity of adequate protein intake can function as Insulin Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1), a mediator of growth hormone and bone matrix formation
Summary
Nutritional needs are essential for growth and development in infants and toddlers. Growth and development which are not optimal can cause children to experience stunting. Stunting in toddlers is a manifestation of chronic nutritional deficiencies that occur in the first thousand days of life from the fetus until two years of age, which results in children’s linear growth failure (Leroy et al, 2014). The intake of micronutrients, such as fibre, zinc, iron, and calcium contribute to growth. Inadequate iron intake disrupts children’s growth and development; if it occurs chronically, it can cause stunting. Lack of calcium during the growth period results in disruption of growth (Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016). Various types of dietary fibre could inhibit the intake of calcium, iron, zinc, and magnesium. One of them is lignin, which has a mineral binding function
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