Abstract
Fish is one of the most important foods in the human diet because of its high nutritional quality. One of the potential local foodstuffs in Grobogan is Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Nile tilapia has a high nutrient content, especially protein. To obtain better benefits from fish protein, it can be processed into fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) products. Fish protein hydrolysates (FPH) which contain a mixture of small protein or peptides and free amino acids are beneficial for children diet, in preventing and combating malnutrition problems through readily absorbed essential amino acids. This study aimed to analyze the amino acid profile of Nile tilapia and fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) from Nile tilapia. The treatments included processing Nile tilapia into hydrolysate and analyse amino acids of Nile tilapia before and after hydrolysate. The process of making FPH uses a local microbial protease enzyme from Bacillus licheniformis. Amino acids composition was analysed using an internal method developed by Saraswanti Indo Genetech laboratory (18- 5-17/MU/SMM-SIG, UPLC). Data were analysed using the paired t-test statistical test. The results showed there were significant differences in the rate of all amino acid profiles (p<0.05), except L-Aspartic Acid, L-Tyrosine and L-Histidine (p>0.05). From the research, it can be concluded hydrolysate processing has an effect on the increase of Lglutamic acid and L-lysine amino acid.
Highlights
Fish protein hydrolysate is a fish protein hydrolysis product that contains high protein, complete amino acids, and is easy to digest, to ensure it can be an alternative to meet protein sufficiency and has the potential to be used as a protein fortification material in food products
Nile tilapia is an important commodity in the world of freshwater fish business (Jim et al, 2017)
Fish has a good source of lysine, which is very limited in cereals and nuts (Istiqomah et al, 2018). This is consistent with research in Africa showing that children who are at risk of stunting have problems on the sufficiency of essential amino acids such as tryptophan and lysine in diet
Summary
One of the foods that were abundant in Indonesia and have the potential to prevent growth stunting is fish. In the form of hydrolysate, fish protein will be broken down into short proteins or peptides and free amino acids which are more readily absorbed and increases the availability of amino acids in plasma blood compared to their native protein. This will be useful if given to children who have indications of malnutrition such as stunting. Drying the hydrolysate quickly will ensure its quality It maintained and has high nutritional composition. The production process uses local protease from the bacterium Bacillus licheniformis, which produces a protein hydrolysate product that is free from annoying bitter or salty taste, in similar products using papain
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