Convergence patterns in global peace: fresh insights from the club convergence algorithm

Abstract

ABSTRACT This paper aims to investigate trends in patterns of convergence in global peace. To achieve this goal, we examined the global peace index for 163 countries spanning 2008 to 2023. Employing the club convergence test developed by Phillips and Sul (2007), our findings indicate an absence of a general convergence pattern within the sample. Searching for convergence clubs, we identified six groups of clubs that exhibited convergence towards their steady-state path. The existence of multiple convergence clubs shows the significant differences in global peace across the countries.