Abstract
The limitations of the integral boundary-layer methods and the potential of the differential boundary-layer method in analyzing MHD channel flows are assessed. By showing the sensitivity of results from the integral method to the choice of parameters, the importance of prescribing accurate boundary-layer profiles and wall heat flux in the integral method is emphasized. A mixing-length-type turbulence model for flow on rough walls is developed and validated by comparison with experimental data. The turbulence model is used in a quasi-threedimensional boundary-layer model to evaluate the influence of wall roughness and pressure gradients on the flow characteristics and performance of MHD channels. The behaviors of skin friction and Stanton number calculated from the analytical model are found to differ considerably from the empirical correlations valid for non-MHD flows without pressure gradients. Nomenclature A, B = parameters in mixing length model B = magnetic field Cf = skin friction E = electric field H = total enthalpy IL = current load
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