Abstract
Predictions of ice shapes formed during supercooled, large-droplet (SLD) icing conditions made by ice accretion codes currently used in aircraft design must be improved. One area for significant improvement is the model used in ice accretion codes to characterize ice roughness and the convective heat transfer enhancement of the ice roughness. To improve the predictive capabilities of ice accretion codes, the convective heat transfer from ice roughness must be measured and characterized for flows over surfaces with realistic roughness properties and relevant thermal boundary conditions. In a parallel effort, Tecson and McClain [2013] present a method to generate distributions of hemispherical elements with statistical properties similar to ice roughness measured in the Icing Research Tunnel at NASA Glenn Research Center. This paper details measurements of the convective heat transfer from test plates with the hemispherical element distributions for flows with negligible freestream acceleration and nominally constant flux boundary conditions. Three surfaces were studies: a smooth plate and two surfaces generated to match Appendix C icing roughness measured by Anderson et al. [1997]. While Appendix C icing droplet sizes are much smaller than those found in SLD conditions, the measurements of Appendix C roughness convective enhancement will serve an important validation step in interpreting and understanding the convective enhancement of SLD ice roughness.
Published Version
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