CONTUSIONS OCULAIRE A GLOBE FERME CHEZ LENFANT: ETUDE RETROSPECTIVE A PROPOS DE 153 CAS. CLOSED GLOBE CONTUSIONS IN CHILDREN: RESTROSPECTIVE STUDY ABOUT 153 CASES

Abstract

Ocular trauma in children is a common cause of ocularmorbiditydespite introduction of new methods of treatment and improvement of management, and is a leading cause of non-congenitalunilateralblindness in thisage group [1,2] . Children are atrisk of ocular trauma because of theirinability to avoidhazards [3]. Most of thesehazards are foundwhile children play, or are at home. Identifying the causes of ocular injuries may help in determining the effective methods in reducing the incidence of seriousocular traumas. The purpose of this study is to analyze the differentepidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of this affection in order to establishbetter management. This isaretrospective study of 153 patients withcomplicatedocular trauma, admitted to the OphthalmologyDepartment of the RabatUniversityHospital over a period of 36months. The averageage of the children was5,8years (3-15 years) with male predominance (sex ratio=2,1). The dominant mechanismwasdomestic accidents, especiallyby projection of bluntobjects (59,5% of cases). Ophthalmologicalexaminationfound initial visualacuitylessthan 5/10 in84,3% of cases. The lesions of the anterior segment dominated by hyphema (60,1%),subconjunctivalhemorrhage(56,9%), corneal abrasion (48,4%), high ocular pressure (34,6%) and posttraumaticcataract (33,3%). Posterior segment injurywasassociatedin 27.4% of cases . If not managedsufficientlyearly and appropriate, theselesionsmay cause definitive partial loss of vision or blindness . The establishment of effective awareness and prevention programs is essential to reducetheirfrequency and severity.