Abstract
Determination of criteria and categorization of data in measurement is a crucial moment when processing research data. Overview, exploration and presentation of data will be effective and valid if the criteria set meets the requirements, both from a theoretical and statistical perspective. However, the fact that often arises, especially in beginner researchers made a mistaken in determining the criteria and categories. These errors are often indicated in the form of incomprehension and negligence of researchers in placing data types with the type of methodology. This paper describes various errors in determining criteria and categories of research data, determining criteria and categories of research data, and suggesting their meaning, especially in social science research. This research involved respondents from four different types of assessments, which is 428 respondents from Daharnis-Zadrian Majoring Choices Inventory (DZ-MCI) and 174 respondents from the Acceptability of Mental-Health Mobile-App Survey (AMMS), as well as 1190 respondents from the development of DLAS and DLESS inventory. The results of the study show that the determination of categories and criteria in data processing greatly impacts the truth of data exposure and advanced data analysis. Implications of these studies for determining categories and criteria of research on social science research are discussed
Highlights
Many assessors and researchers, especially the amateur ones have difficulty in determining the criteria or categorization of research results that have been obtained (Meyer, Doromal, Wei, & Zhu, 2017)
There is controversy between researchers in setting criteria which are sometimes not in accordance with the objectives of the study (Heinrich et al, 2018; Sekaran & Bougie, 2016) (Coolican, 2017). There are those who use criterion-referenced measurement and normreferenced measurement. Both can be justified in accordance with the objectives of the research and www.psychologyandeducation.net the categorization follows scientific rules and can be accounted for logically and statistically (Coolican, 2017)
The data came from 428 respondents from the Daharnis-Zadrian Majoring Choices Inventory (DZ-MCI) (Daharnis Daharnis & Ardi, 2016), 174 respondents from Acceptability of Mental-Health Mobile-App Survey (AMMS) (Ardi, Sukmawati, Afdal, Rangka, & Suranata, 2018), and 1190 respondents from Daharnis Learning Activities Scale (DLAS) (D Daharnis, Erlamsyah, Ifdil, Ardi, & Hariko, 2014)
Summary
Especially the amateur ones have difficulty in determining the criteria or categorization of research results that have been obtained (Meyer, Doromal, Wei, & Zhu, 2017). Sometimes they use criteria from the results of previous studies that are considered "true" even though the categorization is “wrong”. There is controversy between researchers in setting criteria which are sometimes not in accordance with the objectives of the study (Heinrich et al, 2018; Sekaran & Bougie, 2016) (Coolican, 2017) There are those who use criterion-referenced measurement and normreferenced measurement. Both can be justified in accordance with the objectives of the research and www.psychologyandeducation.net the categorization follows scientific rules and can be accounted for logically and statistically (Coolican, 2017)
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