Controlling the rate of discharging by loading nanoparticles incorporating numerical method in presence of water within the storage enclosure

Abstract

In this groundbreaking study, an adaptive grid approach was harnessed to simulate the unsteady phenomena of freezing within a complex enclosure, employing an implicit approach. The equations were streamlined by disregarding velocity impact, and two critical equations were addressed using the Finite Element Method (FEM). Within the enclosure, innovative tree-shaped fins were integrated, and the introduction of loaded nano-powders marked a pivotal advancement in accelerating the rate of freezing. Extensive validation of our numerical procedure was conducted, and we systematically examined the influences of “m” and ϕ across various cases. The implementation of a single-phase approximation was pivotal in deriving crucial features. With the dispersion of nanomaterials, we observed a remarkable increase in the penetration of cold regions, resulting in a substantial 26.86 % reduction in completion time. Additionally, the utilization of blade-shaped nano-powders led to a notable 6.98 % decrease in completion time. It is noteworthy that the influence of each variable becomes more pronounced in the presence of higher values of the other parameter. This pioneering approach significantly advances our understanding of solidification processes within complex enclosures utilizing nanoparticles.