Abstract
BackgroundMulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori L. is one of the most economically important insect because its production of silk which interfere with many important industries. Diseases of the silkworm, B. mori such as viral, bacterial, fungal and protozoan pathogens seriously affect their cocoon production. Bacterial and fungal pathogens independently cause the highest cocoon loss, so the use of botanicals is considered an important strategy to control diseases of silkworm.ResultsThe artificially infected silkworm, B. mori larvae with Bacillus thuriengiensis when treated with concentrations of 2 and 3% of black seed and basil leaves extracts increased significantly larval weight and decreased larval mortality. In addition, 3% basil leaves extract and 1% of black seed increased pupal weight. Cocoon weight and cocoon shell weight increased significantly by 3% basil leaves extract treatment. All tested concentrations of black seed extract increased the silk ratios of the resulted cocoons as compared to the infected control. For technological parameters, all tested extracts at 3% concentration caused the highest silk filament length; meanwhile control larvae recorded the highest silk filament weight and size. Regarding the mulberry silkworm, B. mori artificially infested with conidial solution of Beauveria bassiana when treated with all concentrations of the tested plants showed an enhancement in larval weight, pupal weight, cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight, silk filament length, and filament weight and reduced the larval mortality percentage. The highest silk filament size were recorded for the control group.ConclusionsTested concentrations of Morus alba, Ocimum basilicum leaves extracts and Nigella sativa seeds extract have suppressed the bacterial and fungal disease spread when used three times through both 4th and 5th larval instars. Moreover, the biological characters and technological traits enhanced by using of these extracts, so it can be used in sericulture for improving cocoon crop quality and quantity.
Highlights
Mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori L. is one of the most economically important insect because its production of silk which interfere with many important industries
The mulberry silkworm, B. mori produces silk, which are influenced by many pathogens includes fungi, Saad et al Bulletin of the National Research Centre (2019) 43:172 bacteria, virus and protozoan which cause damages to cocoons reached to 75% (Das 1950)
Biological parameters of silkworm larvae treated by some extracts as disinfectant to control artificially infected with B. thuriengiensis As shown in (Table 1) analysis of data revealed that, the differences between means larval weights were highly significant
Summary
Bombyx mori L. is one of the most economically important insect because its production of silk which interfere with many important industries. B. mori such as viral, bacterial, fungal and protozoan pathogens seriously affect their cocoon production. Bacterial and fungal pathogens independently cause the highest cocoon loss, so the use of botanicals is considered an important strategy to control diseases of silkworm. The mulberry silkworm, B. mori produces silk, which are influenced by many pathogens includes fungi, Saad et al Bulletin of the National Research Centre (2019) 43:172 bacteria, virus and protozoan which cause damages to cocoons reached to 75% (Das 1950). The frequency of infections at silkworm breeding extremely diminishes the producing of silk. Microbes such as Streptococcus faccalis, Streptococcus liquifacions, Staphylococcus acire, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Bacillus sp. The misfortunes happen basically amid the ultimate stages of silkworm raising coming about impressive vitality and cash loss
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