Abstract
Two local and important hybrids of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. were reared in three Egyptian governorates of Qalubyia, Giza and Sohag (Q, G and S). Fourteen parameters of 5th instar duration (FD), whole larvae duration (LD), mortality percentage (MP), number of cocoon/liter (C /L), cocooning percentage (CP), duple cocooning percentage (DCP), cocoon crop by number (Crop/N), cocoon crop by weight (Crop/W) were recorded. Cocoon weight (CW), cocoon shell weight (CSW), pupae weight (PW), cocoon shell ratio (CSR), silk productivity (SP) for females and males were investigated. The results revealed that rearing silkworm was better in Qalubyia and Giza comparing with Sohag governorate. Some modifications for adjusting the rearing techniques, temperature and humidity to raise the silk production were recommended. As well as selections the hybrids suitable for Upper Egypt conditions. Performances of hybrids characters are changed according to the environment changed. The average of CW, CSW, PW, CSR and SP traits were better for both sexes in Qalubyia governorate. Hybrid of hy1 was the best for CW, CSW, PW, CSR and SP traits for both sexes. Both of hy1 and hy2 were mostly the best hybrids in Qalubyia, Giza and Sohag of females and males. Evaluation index and subordinate function values depended on the hybrids which represented the genetic factor and the locations that represented the environmental factor and its interactions.
Highlights
The mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) is a monophagous insect that feeds exclusively on the mulberry (Morus spp.) foliage for its nutrition and produces the natural proteinous silk (Shabnam et al 2018)
The results revealed that rearing silkworm was better in Qalubyia and Giza comparing with Sohag governorate
Mulberry cultivation is suitable for this region to produce mulberry leaves, which is the sole food of the silkworms (Mahmoud and Ghazy, 2005 & Ramesha et al 2009)
Summary
The mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) is a monophagous insect that feeds exclusively on the mulberry (Morus spp.) foliage for its nutrition and produces the natural proteinous silk (Shabnam et al 2018). Mulberry cultivation is suitable for this region to produce mulberry leaves, which is the sole food of the silkworms (Mahmoud and Ghazy, 2005 & Ramesha et al 2009). Egypt lies between 22° and 32° N latitude It is part of the Sahara of North Africa and covers a total area of over one million km in the hyper-arid region. The impact of climate change on sericulture required modifying of rearing and development of silkworm hybrids to be suitable for changes. Sericulture scientists try to obtain hybrid suitable for the seasonal fluctuations conditions Hosny et al (1984); Thiagarajan et al (1993); Eid et al (2002); Gangwar (2012) & Ghazy (1999, 2012, 2014a)
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