Abstract
Microgrid technology is poised to transform the electricity industry. In the context of commercial/domestic buildings and data centers, where most loads are native direct current, DC microgrids are in fact a natural choice. Voltage stability and current/power-sharing between sources within a DC microgrid have been studied extensively in recent years. DC voltage droop control is known to have its drawbacks in that current or power-sharing is relatively poor. To eliminate this drawback, some have proposed to add a communication-based consensus control in addition to the primary voltage droop control loop. The current sharing performance is improved, however, the voltage deviation inherent in droop control requires a further, slower control to achieve voltage quality control. To overcome this complication, and reduction in response time, a low latency communication-based control technique that achieves proportional current sharing without significant voltage deviations is proposed in this work. The stability of the proposed control technique is compared to state-of-the-art using eigenvalue and transient analyses. The negative impact of communication delays on proposed control is discussed in detail.
Highlights
There has been a substantial increase in renewable energy based distributed generation and grid integration in recent years
It is well known that steady-state currentsharing between voltage sources in a direct current (DC) microgrid with constant
Impedance loads depends on the network parameters. This is not desirable in a microgrid scenario, and in order to use the available infrastructure properly, it is essential that both voltage stability and current-sharing is achieved simultaneously
Summary
There has been a substantial increase in renewable energy based distributed generation and grid integration in recent years. Microgrids, which are defined as small, self-sustainable sections of the grid, become a natural extension of a distributed/decentralised generation paradigm. Given that a large proportion of the decentralised renewable energy comes from direct current (DC) sources, for example, rooftop solar photovoltaics systems, microgrids in DC form become a straightforward application. The DC microgrid trend is supported by a growing inclination towards low-cost energyefficient devices such as LED lighting, switch-based systems such as servers, air-conditioners and so on, that primarily use DC form of energy. Given the advantages and simplicity of implementation, these trends are expected to increase over the decade, paving new ways to integrate renewable energy into the power system and revolutionising the traditional power system paradigm. The focus is on intelligently controlled master-less techniques used in operating DC microgrids
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