Abstract
The aquatic environment has a significant impact on the efficiency of heat input to the base metal, significantly reducing the efficiency of the arc. As a result, in wet underwater welding, the penetration of the base metal is reduced compared to welding in the air with the same mode parameters. The purpose of the research was to determine the effectiveness of the influence of the parameters of the process of underwater wet welding with rutile-type flux-cored wire on the geometric parameters of the weld metal – its width and penetration depth of the base metal. In this case, the shape coefficient of the weld was determined - the ratio of width to penetration depth (W/P). It was found that the welding speed, wire feed speed and the amplitude of the welding torch oscillations have a significant impact on the ratio of the width to the penetration depth of the welds. The W/P ratio of welds decreases significantly with increasing welding speed without oscillation of the welding torch. So, when welding with transverse oscillations of the welding torch with an increase in the wire feed speed, it decreased from 7.14 to 3.85. And it linearly increased with increasing amplitude of the torch oscillations. It was found that the oscillation velocity, elongation of the flux-cored wire, and arc voltage have an insignificant effect on the W/P ratio.
Highlights
Underwater welding can be divided into three categories according to the operating environment, namely, wet, dry, and local dry welding [1, 2]
The arc will be unstable when working in the water more than 80 m with solid wire gas shielded welding such as GMAW [8]
The advantages of flux-cored wire are more prominent when used for welding in the deep water [11, 12]
Summary
Underwater welding can be divided into three categories according to the operating environment, namely, wet, dry, and local dry welding [1, 2]. Wet welding is the simplest one in the three methods and has the most widely engineering adaptability [3] It can work directly in the water without any special drainage facilities. The metal and powder in flux-cored wire can interact more effectively in the heat distribution. It can improve the arc ionization conditions efficiently and promote the stability of the transition metal thanks to the addition of the solder flux [10]. The emergence of flux-cored wire will promote the underwater welding production to the development of high-efficiency, low-cost, high-quality, automation, and intelligence [13]
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