Abstract
The offshore wind resource has huge energy potential. However, wind turbine floating structures have to withstand harsh conditions. Strong wind and wave effects combine to generate vibrations, fatigue, and heavy loads on the structure and other elements of the wind turbine. These structural problems increase maintenance requirements and risk of failure, while reducing availability and energy production. Another challenge for wind energy is to reduce production costs in order to be competitive with other alternatives. From the control point of view, the objective of lowering costs can be achieved by operating the turbine close to its optimum point of operation under partial load, guaranteeing reliability by reducing structural loads and regulating the power generated in strong wind regimes. In this typical and challenging context, this paper proposes a critical state-of-the-art review, discussing challenges and trends on floating offshore wind turbines control.
Highlights
Wind energy has been growing exponentially for 20 years in the energy industry
Nonlinear model predictive control with collective pitch angle has been adapted on a floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT), ns the results show good performance [36]
Challenges and trends of strategies for FOWT control are presented in this paper
Summary
Wind energy has been growing exponentially for 20 years in the energy industry. Since the beginning of the 21st century, the total wind turbine (WT) power installed in the world amounts to591 GW according to the Global Wind Energy Council (GWEC) report [1]. Wind energy has been growing exponentially for 20 years in the energy industry. Since the beginning of the 21st century, the total wind turbine (WT) power installed in the world amounts to. 591 GW according to the Global Wind Energy Council (GWEC) report [1]. Even though the majority of the installations remain terrestrial wind turbines, the offshore turbine market has been growing strongly for 10 years with 23 GW connected [1]. Installed offshore wind turbine (OWT) remains a reliable solution but requires depths below. The distance from the coasts can offer several advantages: more important wind resource, ability to exploit large area of uninterrupted open sea and a reduced visual and noise impact.
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