Control Oriented Thermal Modeling of Lithium Ion Batteries from a First Principle Model via Model Reduction by the Global Arnoldi Algorithm

Abstract

Lithium ion battery thermal management is currently a critical issue. The development of precise thermal management systems begins with an accurate temperature model applicable to control design. This work is focused on the development of a dynamic battery cell thermal model through the coupling of a lumped energy balance and a single particle electrochemical heat generation model. In this study, the modeling of a single cell was considered. A fluid channel was added to the bottom of the cell and an aluminum heat sink was added to the side of the cell. Results demonstrated that fluid temperature has more effect on the cell temperature than fluid mass flow rate. The dynamic model developed in this work has an order of 135; therefore, is not applicable to controller design. Linearization about an equilibrium trajectory and model order reduction via the Global Arnoldi Algorithm (GAA) was applied. Simulation results showed good agreement between the reduced first order linear system and the original high order non-linear system. Therefore, the scientific contribution of this paper is a methodology to construct a reduced-order model from a first principles model that is able to account for all of the effects of the first principles model.